Longitudinal basic research examines the same social phenomenon over long and extended periods of time (e.g., race-based violence, socially-constructed gender roles)

On the other hand, applied research is mostly small-scale, and short-termist research on timely social phenomenon which provides academic outputs that can be immediately utilized by specific groups of people (e.g., election-associated violence in Mindanao, feminism within Islamic communities)

Frugal innovation is an approach to innovation that focuses on creating affordable, resource-efficient, accessible, and scalable products, services, or technologies. On the other hand, cutting-edge innovation refers to the most novel, advanced, and innovative tools, systems, or methods in a particular field.

Women-and-gender minority (WGM) only spaces are specific locations or environments intentionally designed to be exclusively for women and gender minorities.

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) has eight member countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri-Lanka) It was primarily established to expedite socio-economic progress in the South Asian region.